Overview of the Stone Crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium)
The stone crayfish plays an important role in the food web of the upper reaches of mountain rivers. As an omnivorous species, it feeds on small invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, and organic detritus. Through this feeding activity, it contributes to the breakdown and recycling of organic matter entering the aquatic environment and supports the natural self-purification processes of rivers. By conserving stone crayfish populations and their habitats, we help safeguard the ecosystems that provide a significant share of Bulgaria’s drinking water resources.
The stone crayfish has a limited distribution in Southeastern and Central Europe, including Bulgaria, where it inhabits mountain streams and rivers.
Major Threats to the Species
- Crayfish plague (Aphanomycosis)—a highly destructive disease capable of wiping out entire populations;
- Pollution from industrial and domestic wastewaters;
- Fragmentation of river ecosystems.
- Removal of riparian vegetation;
- Hydrological and hydromorphological alterations.
Project Goal
- The project aims to develop an Action Plan for the conservation of the stone crayfish.
The main activities include:
- Preparation and approval of the technical assignment for drafting the Action Plan;
- Collection and analysis of existing information from published sources and historical data held by the authors;
- Expert meetings involving specialists on the species and relevant stakeholders;
- Preparation of the first draft of the Action Plan;
- Public consultations in four regions of Bulgaria (Sofia, Plovdiv, Gabrovo, and Blagoevgrad);
- Incorporation of comments and recommendations and finalisation of the Action Plan.
Why Is It Important?
The Action Plan outlines the necessary measures for the long-term conservation of the stone crayfish and the sustainable management of its habitats. Protecting this species also ensures the preservation of valuable river ecosystems that provide numerous ecosystem services essential to society.